The Verb To Have
Forms of To Have | |||
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Present | Past | Continuous | |
I / you / we / they |
have
|
had
|
having
|
he / she / it |
has
|
had
|
having
|
To have as a main verb
As a main verb “to have” implies the meaning of possession.For example: “I have a job.” “I have a car.“ "I don't have any time."
When it is used to indicate possession you can say "I have..." or you might see/ hear "I have got...".
When you are talking about actions, you only use "have".
For example:
Possession:-
I have a shower in my bathroom, I don't have a bath. = I have got a shower in my bathroom. I haven't got a bath.
The action:-
I have a shower every day. - I'm having a shower now.
!Note - it does not take the continuous form "I having" - for that you have to use the auxiliary verb be.
For example: “I am having a shower.” “Are you having a good time?"
The forms of the verb “to have” are have and has for the present and had for the past.
Question | Positive Statement (spoken) | Negative Statement (spoken) |
Singular | ||
Do I have ...? Have I got ...? |
I have (I've) |
I have not (I haven't/I've not) |
Does he / she / it have...? Has he/she/it got ...? |
He/she/it has (He/she/it 's) |
He/she/it has not (He/she/it hasn't) |
Do you have ...? Have you got ...? |
You have (You've) |
You have not (You haven't/You've not) |
Did I / he / she / it have ...? Had I / he / she / it / you got...? |
I / He / She / It / You had (I'd / He'd / She'd / You'd) |
I / He / She / It / You had not (I / He / She / It / You hadn't) |
Plural | ||
Do we / you / they have ...? Have we / you / they got ...? |
We / You / They have (We've / You've / They've) |
We / You / They have not (We / You / They haven't // We've nof / You've not They've not) |
Do you have ...? Have you got ...? |
You have (You've) |
You have not (You haven't/You've not) |
Do they have ...? Have they got ...? |
They have (They've) |
They have not (They haven't/They've not) |
Did we / you / they have ...? Had we / you / they got ... ? |
We / You / They had (We'd / You'd / They'd) |
I / He / She / It / You had not (I / He / She / It / You hadn't) |
Examples
Have | Have got | |
Question - ? | "Do you have a car?" | "Have you got a car?" |
Positive Answer - Yes | "Yes, I have a car." | "Yes I've got a car." |
Negative Answer - No | "No, I don't have a car." | "No I haven't got a car." |
To have as an auxiliary verb
The verb “to have” is used as an auxiliary verb to help other verbs create the perfect tense - auxiliary verb have [+ past participle].For example, “I have read a lot of books,” or “I have never been to America,” or "I have already eaten."
Present Perfect |
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I have been a teacher for over 11 years. | You have been a student for ... | He / She has been a student for ... | It has been nice today. | We have been students for .... | They have been students for ... |
Past Perfect |
|||||
I had been a teacher for several years. | You had been a student for several years. | He / She had been a student for several years. | It had been nice for several hours. | We had been students for several years. | They had been students for several years. |
Future Perfect |
|||||
I will have been a teacher for several years. | You will have been a student for several years. | He / She will have been a student for several years. | It will have been nice for several years. | We will have been students for several years. | They will have been students for several years. |
Question | Positive Statement | Negative Statement (possible short forms) |
---|---|---|
Singular | ||
Have you been ...? | You have been ... (You've been ...) |
You have not been ... (You haven't been ... // You've not been ...) |
Plural | ||
Have we / you / they been ...? | We / You / They have been ... (We've / You've They've been ...) |
We / You / They have not been ... (We / You / They haven't been ... // We've / You've They've not been ...) |
Question - ? | "Have you washed your face today?" |
---|---|
Positive Answer - Yes | " Yes, I have." |
Negative Answer - No | " No, I haven't." |
Question - ? | "Have you ever had a heart attack?" |
Positive Answer - Yes | " Yes, I'm afraid I have." |
Negative Answer - No | " No, thank goodness, I haven't." |
The use of have to
In addition to the two forms, there is another use for have as a modal verb; have to or have got to. This, of course, must be followed by another verb "We have to do something".Have to | Have got to | |
---|---|---|
Question - ? | "Do you have to leave early?" | "Have you got to leave early?" |
Positive Answer - Yes | "Yes I have to." or "Yes I do" | "Yes I've got to." |
Negative Answer - No | "No I don't have to." | "No I haven't got to." |
To have something done
If something is done for you, in other words you haven't actually done it yourself, we use the structure "to have something done".For example:-
"I have my hair cut once every six weeks." (I don't cut my own hair, my hairdresser cuts it for me.)
"My husband has the car serviced once a year." (He wouldn't have a clue how to service a modern car so, he takes it to the garage and they service it for us.)
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