Senin, 24 September 2012

Parallel Phrasing (Wording) Joining Like Items with And and But

Parallel Modifiers
UNPARALLEL PARALLEL
A coordinator (and, but, or, nor) joins like elements, such as, noun phrases, verb phrases, adverb phrases, adjective phrases, prepositional phrases; gerunds, infinitives and independent clauses. If the elements are not grammatically the same, then the sentence is "unparallel". If a word does not have an equivalent word form , then consider a way to reword the sentence so that both words can take the same grammatical structure (e.g., you can change an adjective to an adverb expression with "in a ___ manner".)
MIXED
*My English is improving slow but surely(adj.–adv.)
ADVERBS
My English is improving slowly but surely.
*We are leaving quickly and quiet(adv.–adj.) We are leaving quickly and quietly.
*We'll can speak specific or generally, whichever you prefer. (adj.–adv.) We'll can speak specific or generally, whichever you prefer.
*He works neither efficiently nor effective(adv.–adj.)
 
He works neither efficiently nor effective.
MIXED
*The football player ran skillfully yet defensive. (adv.–adj.)
IN A…ADJ and ADJ…MANNER
The football player ran skillfully nor defensively.
The football player ran in a skillful and defensive manner.
* He welcomes us ¹friendly and joyfully.   (adj.–adv.)
        friendly (adj) 
¹He welcomes us in a friendly and joyful manner(prep phrase: adj–adj)
 
MIXED
*She walks and texting  at the same time.
VERBS  / INFINITIVES / GERUNDS
She walks and texts at the same time. (present)
*You I need to write and communicating with others. You need to write and (to) communicate with others. (infinitive)
*I really like relaxing and enjoy my quiet time.   I really like relaxing and enjoying my quiet time.  (gerund)
*I spend time listen and laughing at his talk show.
 
I spend time listening to and laughing at his talk show.  (gerund + prep.)
MIXED
The gymnast went around the bar and swinging over the top(prep phrase.–ger. phrase)
PHRASES
The gymnast went around the bar and over the top(prep. phrase)
*In the morning and noon the mail comes. (prep. phrase–noun) In the morning and at noon the mail comes.   (prep. phrase)
*How to do that and the time I am doing that is a problem.  (adv. phrase–noun phrase) ²How to do that and/or when to do that is a problem.   (adv. phrase)
*I don't care who it is or the product he is selling, just hang up!  (adv. phrase–noun phrase)
 
I don't care who it is or what he's selling, just hang up! (adv. phrase)
MIXED
The dog was barking and we running.
CLAUSES
The dog was barking, and we were running.
We were walking but not tiring. We were walking, but we were not feeling tired.
We put new batteries in the toy yet broken. We put new batteries in the toy, yet it wasn't working.

Tidak ada komentar:

Posting Komentar